: Studies on TEPAV highlight that while ISIS never gained a massive base in Turkey, it effectively exploited social exclusion and personal trauma to recruit approximately 2,000–2,500 fighters. 3. Current Security Status and Operations
: Research published on DergiPark and ResearchGate analyzes the group's digital magazine, which used modern cultural codes and Islamic concepts like jihad and hicret to spread its ideology. Türkiye’de Işi̇d Bedava Oku
Several think tanks offer free PDF downloads for deeper study: Türkiye'de IŞİD - Vikipedi : Studies on TEPAV highlight that while ISIS