Late medieval philosophy, characterized by the fracturing of Scholasticism and the rise of nominalism, transitioned from a "Universal Cathedral" toward a focus on the individual and empirical observation. Thinkers like William of Ockham and Meister Eckhart shifted the intellectual landscape by separating theology from philosophy and promoting the autonomy of human reason, laying the foundation for the Renaissance. Deep, a detailed overview of late medieval philosophy can be found in their article on the subject.
