: Linked to increased anxiety, depression, and substance abuse in adulthood.
: While prohibited in all European countries (except Britain in some contexts) and countries like Japan and Sweden, it remains legal in 21 U.S. states within public schools as "paddling". Health and Behavioral Impacts : beating
Corporal punishment, often referred to as "spanking" or "beating," is the use of physical force intended to cause pain, but not injury, for the purpose of correction or control. : Linked to increased anxiety, depression, and substance
: An estimated 1.2 billion children aged 0–18 years are subjected to corporal punishment at home each year. : Linked to increased anxiety
Major public incidents of "beating" have historically sparked national debates on civil rights and law enforcement.
: Can impair cognitive and socio-emotional development.